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Physiological state of advanced cancer patients is characterised by tens of parameters that are outside of the normal range. Among the simplest cardio-respiratory parameters used by modern oncologists are pulse and respiratory rate at rest (Chiang et al, 2009; de Miguel Sanchez et al, 2006; Groeger et al, 1998). After investigating several parameters and characteristics in 100 terminally ill cancer patients, Dudgeon and Lertzman (1998) concluded that “spirometry was abnormal in 93% of patients”.
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