Tropospheric observations can be divided into dry weight and wet components. The dry components of atmospheric humidity and pressures
Single-frequency GPS receiver, in order to weaken the influence of power in mind the house, the general is the use of ionospheric models provided by the navigation data, or other suitable ionospheric model measurements to be corrected, but this model is still perfect. the current model to correct about 75% efficiency.
This method is the use of two or more receivers, the simultaneous observation of the same satellite, seeking to weaken the influence of ionospheric refraction, especially when the short distance between the observation station (20km), due to the satellite signal to reach each station, similar to the path, through the media situation, by simultaneous observations of each station on the same satellite signals and poor, can be a significant weakening of the ionospheric refraction, and its residual error will not exceed 0.000001. For single-frequency GPS receiver, the importance of this approach is particularly evident.
Tropospheric observations can be divided into dry weight and wet components. The dry components of atmospheric humidity and pressure, while the wet component of atmospheric humidity on the signal propagation path. Dry component, through the atmospheric data of the ground; the wet component is not yet possible to accurately determine. For conveying a short baseline (<50km), the smaller the impact of the wet component.
The effects of tropospheric refraction, generally have the following approach:
(3) Differenced observables. Ionosphere relative to similar, between observation stations away from the near (<20km), the signal path of the troposphere are similar, the physical characteristics of the troposphere similar, so the same satellite simultaneous observation of the value of seeking poor, can significantly the weakened tropospheric refraction.
Multi-path effects, also known as multi-path error, the receiver antenna in addition to directly receive the signal of the satellite launch, but also may receive around the antenna surface features of one or multiple reflections of the satellite signal, the signal superposition will cause the measurement reference point (phase center) position changes, which will be observable errors, and this error varies with the nature of the antenna around the reflecting surface, it is difficult to control. According to the experimental data indicate that, in general reflective environment, the impact of the multi-path effect on the measured code pseudorange m level, the impact of the measurement phase pseudorange centimeter level. A highly reflective environment, not only its impact will be significantly increased, and often lead to the reception of satellite signal loss of lock and carrier phase measurements to produce the cycle slips. Therefore, sophisticated GPS navigation and measurement, multi-path effects can not be ignored.
(1) the environment of the placement of the receiver antenna should be to avoid the strong reflecting surface such as the water = Main products: car dvd player and car dvd , are with good quality. smooth, flat surface and the flat surfaces of buildings and so on.
(2) Select the appropriate shape and well-shielded antenna.
(3) an appropriate extension of the observation time, weaken the cyclical impact of the multipath effects.
(4) to improve the GPS receiver circuit design, the weakening effect of multipath.
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