Rare metals with a variety of excellent properties, thus in various fields of modern science and technology (such as aerospace, energy, electronics, chemicals, etc.), played an increasingly important role.
In some areas, the application of rare metal materials even became one of the main factors to promote the development of the field at one stage.
Nickel reserve is very little on earth, only about one percent of six hundred of the iron, and nickel is not easy to refine, so that nickel is more expensive. Nickel is an important material for high-temperature alloys, have unique corrosion resistance. Thenickel powder widely used in nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride batteries, filters, military, additives of powder metallurgy, precision alloy, special steel, stainless steel electrode, getter of electronic kinescope, high or ultra-high frequency magnetic materials.
Nickel is a silvery white metal, the density is 8.9g/cm3, melting point is 1455°C, with a face-centered cubic lattice, high strength, good ductility, poor thermal conductivity, large resistance. In air, water, seawater, salt solution, the organic medium, in particular all age lye, because the nickel formed a passivation film protective layer on the surface so it has a strong corrosion resistance, resistance to seawater corrosion and hot alkali in metal has outstanding performance. Pure nickel is commonly used as magnetic materials and produce stainless steel alloy, also used for corrosion-resistant parts.
Nickel alloy is formed by adding copper, chromium, aluminum, tungsten, titanium, aluminum, etc. in the nickel, used in high temperatures, corrosion occasions. Ni-Cu type alloy also known as Monel, not low temperature brittleness, non-magnetic, good weldability, easy to cold and hot forming. It is very suitable for producing low-temperature equipment, high temperature alkali resistance, seawater resistance and hydrofluoric acid corrosion resistance equipment, such as heat transfer equipment, containers, flexible parts. Ni-Cr alloy also known as inconel alloy, welding, hot and cold formability and corrosion resistance were very well, and has excellent resistance to high temperature oxidation, prominent nitric corrosion resistance. Mainly used for the force components and equipment of high-temperature operation, can use in produce corrosion-resistant parts, such as heaters, nuclear power evaporator, electric wire, condenser, the corrosion-resistant parts of nitric acid production equipment and about 1000°C high temperature structure, such as jet gas turbine blades and gas nozzle and so on.
According to metal powder supplier, lithium is the lightest metal, its density is only about 0.54g/cm3, the low melting point, about 180°C, lively chemical, must be stored in kerosene and other medium. Lithium has many unique applications in industrial.
Add lithium carbonate and other lithium salt in the electrolytic tank can significantly reduce the consumption of the anode material and the electrolyte, improve the purity of aluminum. Lithium can be used for manufacturing glass ceramics (can be used for manufacturing heat-resistant cookware), black-and-white television picture tubes, insulating foam glass, add a trace of lithium oxide can reduce the glass melting temperature and reduce the coefficient of expansion, and can reduce energy consumption. Lithium grease has a unique lubricating properties, operating temperature range is (-60 to 200°C), good stability and water resistance, long service life, widely application.
Good performance mobile lithium battery is a typical application of lithium: the lithium with low resistance, conducive to electrode current collector; the density of lithium is small, conducive to obtaining a higher specific energy; the chemical activity of lithium is large, high utilization of the active material. All of these decisions made battery with light weight, small size, large storage capacity, fast charging, and the battery is not easy to produce memory.
Adding 1% lithium in aluminum and its alloys, can be decreased the density by about 3%, elastic modulus can be increased by approximately 5%, the corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance is also increased significantly. Magnesium-lithium alloy is the minimum density alloy, its specific strength is high, can significantly reduce the quality of the aerospace industry. Add lithium in the copper can improve the conductivity of the copper, added lithium in the metal smelting can be used as the oxygen scavenger and sulfur removal agent.
Source:http://www.mhcmp.com
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