The Hidden Dangers of Houseplants: A Comprehensive Guide

Understanding Plant Toxicity

In the United States, there are over 700 species of plants considered poisonous, and many are common houseplants. The American Association of Poison Control Centers reports that plants are one of the top three causes of accidental poisoning in children under five years old. Plant toxicity can affect various parts of the body, including causing allergic reactions, skin rashes, or internal poisonings. The toxic elements can be found in roots, stems, berries, nectar, and pollen, serving as a defense mechanism against predators.

Common Reactions to Poisonous Plants

• Allergic reactions from spores or pollen
• Skin rash or dermatitis from contact with irritant compounds
• Internal poisonings from ingestion of plant parts

Safe Houseplants for Your Home

While many houseplants are safe, it's still advisable not to ingest them. The Washington Poison Center lists these houseplants as non-toxic:

• African Violet
• Aluminum Plant
• Birds Nest Fern
• Boston Fern
• Cast Iron Plant
• China Doll
• Christmas Cactus
• Coleus
• Corn Plant
• Dracaena
• Gardenia
• Goldfish Plant
• Jade Plant
• Mosaic Plant
• Orchids
• Peperomia
• Piggyback Plant
• Pink Polka-dot Plant
• Ponytail Plant
• Prayer Plant
• Purple Velvet Plant
• Spider Plant
• Swedish Ivy
• Sword Fern
• Yucca Plant
• Zebra Plant

Toxic Houseplants to Watch Out For

Conversely, some houseplants have toxic properties. Here are a few, as reported by the Washington Poison Center, along with their effects:

• Caladium: Entire plant is toxic, causing mouth and throat irritation.
• Calla Lily: Leaves are toxic, leading to burning sensations and possible dermatitis.
• Devil’s Ivy: Whole plant is toxic, causing mouth burning and skin irritation.
• Dumb Cane: Leaves are toxic, leading to pain and mouth swelling.
• Jerusalem Cherry: Leaves and berries are toxic, causing mouth burning, gastric irritation, and fever.
• Philodendron: Leaves are toxic, leading to painful burning and possible dermatitis.

Preventing Plant Poisonings

Children are particularly at risk due to their curiosity. Here are five tips to prevent plant poisonings:

1. Identify and know the toxicity of all plants in your home and garden.
2. Keep poisonous houseplants out of reach of children and pets.
3. Store bulbs and seeds safely and label them clearly.
4. Avoid using non-edible plant materials in food or cooking.
5. Don't assume plants are safe because wildlife consumes them.

In Case of Accidental Poisoning

Despite precautions, accidents can occur. It's vital to have the Poison Control Hotline number (800-222-1222) accessible and to know the names of your plants. If uncertain about a plant's safety, consult a local nursery or garden center. For more information on non-toxic and toxic plants, visit the American Association of Poison Control Centers or the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Colorado State University's Guide to Poisonous Plants.

Conclusion

Houseplants can be a delightful addition to any home, but it's essential to be informed about their potential dangers. By understanding which plants are safe and which to avoid, and by following safety precautions, you can enjoy the beauty of houseplants without risking the health of your family and pets.