An experimental medicine, omecamtiv mecarbil, which is being manufactured by Cytokinetics Inc. in San Francisco may give an alternative to existing treatments that will prevent patients to buy Plavix.
An experimental medicine, omecamtiv mecarbil, which is being manufactured by Cytokinetics Inc. in San Francisco may give an alternative to existing treatments that will prevent patients to buy Plavix.
"It improves heart function in a completely new and unique manner," according to Dr. John R. Teerlink, a cardiologist at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and author of one of the recent studies.
"The drug directly increases the activation of certain heart muscle proteins, effectively recruiting 'more hands on the rope' with each heartbeat," he stated. "By improving the efficiency and performance of the heart, it is our hope that patients with heart failure will actually feel better with fewer symptoms of fatigue and shortness of breath, and perhaps even live longer," he added.
The currently available heart failure drugs, like generic Plavix, indirectly boost heart performance, and can bring hazardous, even lethal, heart rhythm irregularities, Teerlink said. "These drugs are 'necessary evils' because they are the only currently available pharmacologic means to increase heart function," he conveyed.
"It is a promising drug, but we have been down this road before," he said.
"When you have heart failure, the pumping action of the heart is weak, so not enough blood gets to the body, and you feel short of breath, sleep a lot and your kidneys don't work," Dr. Ronald Zolty explained, director of the heart failure program at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City.
"Existing drugs do improve the squeeze, but they also increase mortality," he stated.
"The major problem we face in treating heart failure is how can we make the heart squeeze harder," Dr. Michele Hamilton said, director of the heart failure program at Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute in Los Angeles. "To date, no medications have proven effective or safe, and as a result, doctors focus on getting rid of excess fluid buildup and reducing stress on the heart," she said.
"Medications that make the heart squeeze harder put more stress on the heart, and the patients die sooner. It is akin to whipping a tired horse as it goes uphill," she conveyed.
"It's great to see a new medication being tested and developed," Hamilton said. But, "we are far away from the finish line." Nevertheless, this will soon be available in your nearest Canadian pharmacies.
The heart is a myogenic muscular organ found in all animals with a circulatory system (including all vertebrates), which pumps blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. The term cardiac (as in cardiology) means "related to the heart" and comes from the Greek º±Á´¹¬, kardia, for "heart".
The vertebrate heart is principally composed of cardiac muscle and connective tissue. Cardiac muscle is an involuntary striated muscle tissue found only in this organ and responsible for the ability of the heart to pump blood. The average human heart, beating at 72 beats per minute, will beat approximately 2.5 billion times during an average 66 year lifespan. It weighs approximately 250 to 300 grams (9 to 11 oz) in females and 300 to 350 grams (11 to 12 oz) in males.
In invertebrates that possess a circulatory system, the heart is typically a tube or small sac and pumps fluid that contains water and nutrients such as proteins, fats, and sugars. In insects, the "heart" is often called the dorsal tube and insect "blood" is almost always not oxygenated since they usually respirate (breathe) directly from their body surfaces (internal and external) to air. However, the hearts of some other arthropods (including spiders and crustaceans such as crabs and shrimp) and some other animals pump hemolymph, which contains the copper-based protein hemocyanin as an oxygen transporter similar to the iron-based hemoglobin in red blood cells found in vertebrates.
The mammalian heart is derived from embryonic mesoderm germ-layer cells that differentiate after gastrulation into mesothelium, endothelium, and myocardium. Mesothelial pericardium forms the outer lining of the heart. The inner lining of the heart, lymphatic and blood vessels, develop from endothelium. Heart muscle is termed myocardium.
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