Lymphocytic colitis, a subtype of microscopic colitis.
Lymphocytic colitis is a type of bowel inflammation that affects the colon (large intestine). The appearance of the inner colon lining in microscopic colitis is normal by visual inspection during colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy. There are two types of microscopic colitis; lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis. In lymphocytic colitis, there is an accumulation of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) within the lining of the colon. In collagenous colitis, there is an additional layer of collagen (scar tissue) just below the lining.
Many experts consider that lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis represent different stages of the similar disease. The inflammation and the collagen probably interfere with absorption of water from the colon, and cause the diarrhea. Lymphocytic colitis is not associated to Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, which are more severe forms of inflammatory bowel disease. Lymphocytic colitis symptoms are similar to those of collagenous colitis mainly chronic watery, non-bloody diarrhea. The diarrhea may be continuous or episodic. Abdominal pain or cramps may also be present.
Implicated long term (longer than 6 months) employ of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as a cause of microscopic colitis. The peak incidence of lymphocytic colitis is in persons over age 50; the illness affects female more than male. The treatment of microscopic colitis has not been standardized because there have not been adequate large scale. Over-the-counter antidiarrheal drugs are effective for many people with lymphocytic colitis. Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as salicylates may also help. Corticosteroids or Mesalazines may be prescribed for people who do not respond to other drug treatment.
