Walking sticks and trekking poles are common accessories among hikers and backpackers, but do they actually help conserve energy or do they demand more effort? This article delves into the science behind the use of these tools and how they impact the physical exertion and energy consumption of outdoor enthusiasts.
Walking sticks, also known as trekking poles, are often touted for their ability to aid hikers by providing stability and support. However, the question of whether they help conserve energy has been a topic of debate. Ray Jardine, a pioneer in ultralight backpacking, argued that the additional weight of walking sticks requires more energy, which is a straightforward application of physics. He suggested that hikers might be better off without them.
Recent research, however, offers a nuanced view. A study conducted at James Madison University in Virginia revealed that hikers using walking sticks experienced an increase in heart rate and calorie burn across various terrains James Madison University Study. While this study was focused on health outcomes rather than backpacking efficiency, it found that participants improved their lung capacity and fitness levels without feeling an increase in effort.
The key takeaway for lightweight backpacking enthusiasts is that while walking sticks do indeed require more energy, this additional expenditure is not necessarily perceived by the user. This could be because the poles allow for a more even distribution of effort across different muscle groups, reducing the strain on the legs by engaging the arms and chest.
Walking sticks have long been recognized for their knee-saving benefits, regardless of the energy cost. They may enable hikers to cover more miles with greater comfort by reducing joint stress. Therefore, the decision to use trekking poles isn't solely about energy conservation; it's also about long-term joint health and endurance.
The decision to use trekking poles should be individualized. Those with weak ankles or knees may find significant benefits in using poles, while others who are focused on maximizing distance with minimal caloric expenditure might prefer to hike without them.
There may be optimal times to use walking sticks during a hike. For instance, on long, flat stretches, it might be more energy-efficient to stow the poles and save arm strength. Conversely, during downhill sections, poles can be invaluable for distributing exertion and reducing leg fatigue.
While the debate on energy conservation continues, some lesser-known statistics shed light on the subject. According to a study published in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, using trekking poles can reduce the impact force on the knees by up to 25% during downhill walking Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. Additionally, a survey by The American Hiking Society suggests that over 60% of hikers use trekking poles for at least part of their hike, indicating a widespread belief in their benefits despite the potential for increased energy expenditure American Hiking Society.
In conclusion, while walking sticks may increase overall energy use, they offer a range of benefits that can enhance the hiking experience. The choice to use them should be based on individual needs, terrain, and personal hiking goals.
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