Halong Bay, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Vietnam, is shrouded in myth and its name translates to "Bay of Descending Dragons." Although the name Halong Bay wasn't officially documented until the late 19th century, the area was known by various names such as An Bang, Luc Thuy, and Van Don in ancient texts. The bay gained its current name following a report by a French sub-lieutenant in 1898 who claimed to have seen a dragon-like sea creature, as noted in "The Hai Phong News." Local legends also contribute to the mystique of Halong Bay, telling of dragons sent by the Jade Emperor to aid the Viet people in repelling invaders, creating the bay's islands with pearls turned to jade. This tale intertwines with the geography of the region, where each location is associated with the dragons' descent and their battle against the enemies.
Before the 19th century, Halong Bay was not recognized by its current name in any historical records. Ancient books and documents referred to the region by various names, reflecting its long-standing significance and the evolving understanding of its geography.
It wasn't until a French marine map included the name Halong Bay in the late 19th century that it gained wider recognition. The intriguing report of a sea serpent sighting by sub-lieutenant Lagredin aboard the "Avalanse" in 1898 captured the imagination of Europeans, associating the bay with the mythical image of the Asian dragon. This event, covered by "The Hai Phong News," may have played a role in solidifying the bay's name, although the exact origin remains a mystery (Reference: Quang Ninh: Art and Culture, 2002).
Local folklore offers a more mystical explanation for the bay's name. According to legend, the Jade Emperor dispatched the Mother Dragon and her offspring to protect the Viet people from foreign invaders. As the dragons descended from the heavens, they spat out pearls that transformed into a chain of jade islands, forming a barrier against the enemy ships.
After the battle, the dragons chose to remain on Earth, giving their names to various locations in the bay. Halong Bay is where the Mother Dragon descended, Bai Tu Long Bay marks the landing of her children, and the Tra Co Peninsula, known as Long Vi, is where their tails supposedly thrashed, creating its long, sandy beach.
Today, Halong Bay is celebrated for its stunning limestone karsts, rich biodiversity, and cultural significance. It attracts tourists from around the globe, eager to explore its natural beauty and historical depth. The bay's enchanting legends add to its allure, making it a must-visit destination for those seeking a blend of adventure and myth.
For further reading on the natural wonders and cultural heritage of Halong Bay, visit the UNESCO World Heritage Centre's official page on the site. To learn more about the biodiversity and conservation efforts in the area, the World Wildlife Fund provides detailed insights.
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