The Way to Change Motor Mount

Motor mounts are not a very glamorous product, but they do have an important

function: They support the engine and transmission, and dampen noise and

vibration. The mounts isolate the engine and transmission from the chassis so

vibrations and noise are not transmitted to the rest of the vehicle.

On some front-wheel-drive cars, upper mounts (torque struts) also control the fore

and aft movements of the engine during acceleration.

Most motor mounts are relatively simple in design and consist only of metal

attachment plates and large rubber insulator blocks. But, some vehicles have

“hydraulic” or “hydro-mounts” with hollow chambers filled with glycol or hydraulic

fluid.

Hydro-mounts act like a jelly-filled donut to absorb vibrations that would otherwise

be transmitted to the chassis. Hydro-mounts are often used with four-cylinder

and V6 engines that don’t idle as smoothly as a V8, and in luxury vehicles where

motorists expect less noise and vibration. Some hydro-mounts even have internal

valving and/or a solenoid to change the dampening characteristics at different rpm

to better tune out unwanted vibrations. These are called “switchable” hydraulic

mounts or “electronic” mounts.

Mounting a Diagnostic Attack

When a motor or transmission mount fails, one of several things can happen. If the rubber separates or delaminates from the steel,

the mount can break. The design of the mount usually prevents the engine from falling out of the car, but it can’t keep the engine from

twisting or rocking when the vehicle accelerates or is under load.

This can produce thumping and rattling noises, as well as overstressing components such as radiator and heater hoses, wiring

connectors and the exhaust system. In rear-wheel-drive applications that have an engine-driven fan, a broken mount may allow the

fan to hit the radiator or shroud. Drive belts or pulleys may also be forced to rub against other components if clearances are tight.

A broken or loose motor mount in a front-wheel-drive application can be even more serious because it may allow engine movements

that interfere with the throttle or shift linkage. Excessive fore and aft rocking of a transverse-mounted engine also can lead to exhaust

leaks where the head pipe joins the manifold, or cause the head pipe itself to fail. If the broken mount is an end mount, it may also

contribute to a torque steer condition and cause accelerated wear or separation of the inner CV joints on one or both halfshafts.

The motor mounts are seldom checked unless there is an obvious problem, and they may even be overlooked if the engine or

transmission is being replaced. You should remind customers to check their motor mounts if the engines seem noisier than usual or

they can feel engine vibrations inside their vehicles. The condition of the mounts should also be inspected when any major engine or

transmission work is done, or when replacing a clutch, halfshafts or a driveshaft.

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