What are the basic knowledge of silicon

The transducer made of silicon - germanium alloy, and its working temperature can reach 1000 , the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance is very good, is not easy to evaporation and poisoning under high temperature, no matter in vacuum or air it can work. The heat resistant and very light silicon tile use in space shuttle, when the space shuttle back to atmosphere, it can protect fuselage damage from more than 1000  high temperature.

The using temperature of natural rubber and synthetic rubber is generally under 150 , otherwise they will be aging metamorphism. The silicon rubber develop in the 1940 s, is a half inorganic high polymer elastomer use silicon and silicon monoxide as primarily chain, with some of the characteristics of inorganic material and organic material, use temperature scope is broad. Silicone rubber have excellent ozone resistance, alkali resistance, physiological inertia (no bad effect to person body, can be used as a certain organs repair materials, such as the artificial joint) and electrical properties. Some special structure of the silicone rubber, with excellent resistance to oil, nairongji, radiation characteristics, so the silicone rubber have been widely used in aviation, astronautics technology, electrical and electronic industry.

Silica in the water can form gel, so it can produce a kind of adsorbent - silica gel. Silica gel is a kind of polarity adsorbent, has strong adsorption capacity to H20 and other polar material, always  used to do desiccant and adsorbent in industry. The water solution of sodium silicate called water glass, metal powder supplier always call it Na2SiO3 in industry. Wood and cloth soaked in water glass, can anticorrosive, is not easy to fire.

Silica sol is use Si02 as the basic units of the water dispersion. In the wool textile process, it can be used as a light textile sizing glue agent, to reduce the rate of wool fiber end breakage, in the coating containing silicon sol, can improve the strength of inorganic fiber material surface thermal. In enamel vessel manufacturing, add silicon sol, can reduce coefficient of expansion, to improve the adhesivity of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene, there were also have the same effect in glass and glass ceramic. If adding 25-30% of silica sol in the glass, we can produce high quality silicon borate glass. Some sodium borosilicate glass through heat treatment, atomic realignment, divided into two parts of mutual melting mix. Part of main containing silicon oxide, another part mainly containing sodium oxide and boron oxide. If reoccupy acid treatment, then silica will not be influenced by acid and stay, but sodium oxide and boron oxide is soluble in acid, left many empty, so can make an extensive use of microporous glass. The microporous glass baking, sintering, they get high silica transparent glass. Its high temperature resistance, good thermal stability, strong ability to get through ultraviolet, can be instead of quartz glass in many ways, suitable for high temperature observation window, such as the spacecraft on the observation window. Forced it to observe objects, won't happen deformation, because its optical uniformity also very good.

If add a small amount of silver halide as photosensitive agent in ordinary sodium aluminum borosilicate glass, trace copper as sensitizing agent, melting in glass conventional process, annealing then through an appropriate processing, can made of silver halide color glass. It will be change into different color with light intensity change, it have important applications in strong protection, display device, optical information storage, transportation tools on the windshield, etc.

Silica in the glass state is the main component of silicon powder, and the pure silica crystals called quartz. Quartz at 1600  melting into thick liquid, internal into no rules form, when it meet cold again, because of the viscosity it is uneasy to recrystallization, and become quartz glass. It has a lot of special properties, such as it can make visible and ultraviolet through it, can use it to manufacture uv lamp and optical instrument; Its expansion coefficient is small, can endure temperature change, and has good resistance to acid (except for hydrofluoric acid ), therefore, it often used to make advanced chemical vessels. Silicon nitride ceramic strength and hardness is very high, thermal shock resistance and chemical corrosive resistance are good, small friction coefficient and have since the sex embellish, is a kind of superior wear resistant material. Use silicon nitride ceramics made of mechanical seal, after several hundred to several thousand hours of operation, the wear is still small, compare to the original materials its lifetime improve several times to more than ten times.

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