The enzymes are the general term for important protein biochemical substances. Both plants and animals have enzymes. As early as more than 100 years ago, scientists have isolated a physiological enzyme, trypsin, from the digestive tract fluids of the animals.
The enzymes are the general term for important protein biochemical substances. Both plants and animals have enzymes. As early as more than 100 years ago, scientists have isolated a physiological enzyme, trypsin, from the digestive tract fluids of animals. In a test tube, this substance can break down various proteins into amino acids. As a result of extensive participation in various physiological activities, enzymes have been more and more widely used in medicine. In recent years, foreign research and application have been on the rise.
In the last century, with the advent of cephalosporin β-lactam antibiotics, the serious environmental pollution caused by the production of cephalosporins is worrying. At that time, British and Dutch researchers first reformed the chemical lysis method that has been used for many years into a clean and efficient "enzymatic lysis", that is, the enzymes used are penicillin lyase and cephalosporin lyase. Thereby eliminating the environmental pollution caused by the production of semi-synthetic penicillin or cephalosporin products. These two enzymes can be used to prepare a series of semi-synthetic penicillins such as ampicillin and amoxicillin and other key raw materials for various cephalosporins. With the implementation of enzymatic cracking process, antibiotic production has entered a new "enzymatic production era".
The enzyme can be used not only in the cleavage process, but also in important reactions such as condensation and carboxylation. Creative Enzymes is the world's leading research and producer of enzyme preparations. The new industrial enzymes invented by the company can be used to produce chiral amino acids, an important raw material for the synthesis of various chiral drugs.
The rise of functional oligosaccharide health products increases the amount of raw materials. In recent years, many new functional oligosaccharide products have been developed at home and abroad, which have become new raw materials for health food. Functional oligosaccharides include mannan, xylan, dextran, chitosan (chitosan), soy glycans, fructooligosaccharides, etc. It has a variety of health effects such as improving human immunity, anti-cancer, anti-aging, lowering blood fat and removing intestinal waste, etc., which has greatly promoted the demand in the international market. Developed countries such as Japan and the United States have become the world's largest producer and consumer of functional oligosaccharides. The hot sale of functional oligosaccharides has further promoted the research and development of new functional oligosaccharide enzymes and new oligosaccharide products.
In the past 10 years, developed countries led by the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan have successively developed and marketed a variety of medical enzyme preparations and have formed a large-scale medical enzyme market. Its annual sales have exceeded $ 1 billion. There are at least dozens of brands of digestive enzyme preparations for sale in the European and American markets. In addition, there are some new types of enzyme preparations for medical use, such as the anti-trypsin developed by the United Kingdom, which is one of the leading ones. It is used to treat emphysema, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and other diseases.
In recent years, some therapeutic enzyme preparations such as antibacterial enzymes, fibrinolytic enzymes, mucolytic enzymes, analgesic enzymes, antitumor enzymes, immune activator enzymes, etc. have been newly developed. In addition, the researchers also found that combining protease preparations with existing antibiotic preparations such as ampicillin, tetracycline, SMP-CO and fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents can greatly improve the antimicrobial effect of these drugs and reduce bacterial resistance .
Some hospitals have combined enzyme preparations with antibiotic preparations to treat intractable urinary tract infections and achieved good results. These new clinical uses have laid a solid foundation for the medical market for enzyme preparations. Medical enzymes such as diagnostic enzymes have become a new type of therapeutic agent at home and abroad. With the advent of more and more new enzymes, medical enzymes will become a new bright spot in the growth of the international pharmaceutical market.
The Naming and Characteristics of Restriction Endonucleases
Restriction enzymes, also known as restriction endonucleases, are enzymes that cut double-stranded DNA. Its cutting method is to cut the bond between the carbohydrate molecule and the phosphoric acid, and then create a nick on each of the two DNA strands without damaging the nucleotides and bases.
Introduction to Classification and Application of Cellulase
The optimum pH of cellulase is generally 4.5 to 6.5, which acts on cellulose and products derived from cellulose. Microbial cellulase is of great significance in converting insoluble cellulose into glucose and destroying cell walls in fruit and vegetable juice to improve the yield of juice.
Which Enzyme Preparations Are Often Used in Fruit and Vegetable Processing?
The so-called fruit and vegetable processing means to maximize the nutrient content of the fruit and vegetable through various processing methods, improve the edible value, and make the color, aroma and taste of the processed product more perfect.
