Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA) is a contagious disease that poses a significant threat to the equine breeding industry. This article delves into the nature of EVA, its symptoms, and the importance of vaccination in preventing its spread. With the American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA) maintaining vaccination records, awareness and proactive measures are key to safeguarding equine health.
Equine Viral Arteritis is an infectious disease caused by the equine arteritis virus (EAV), which can lead to severe respiratory illness, abortion in pregnant mares, and even death in some cases. Despite its potential severity, EVA has often been overlooked in the equine community. However, increased awareness has led to more breeders and mare owners seeking vaccination for their horses.
EVA manifests as an acute infection of the upper respiratory tract, with symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other equine illnesses such as influenza or Rhinopneumonitis. Horses with EVA typically exhibit:
The disease is particularly dangerous for mature horses, especially pregnant mares, as it can result in abortions. The virus can be transmitted through infected semen during breeding, meaning a mare does not need to be initially infected to suffer the consequences of the disease.
EVA can have a devastating impact on horse populations. The mortality rate for affected horses can reach up to 33%, and the abortion rate in pregnant mares can be as high as 50%. The disease spreads through nasal discharge and breeding activities, making it a significant concern for breeding farms.
Diagnosing EVA requires laboratory testing, as some viral strains may be present without detectable symptoms. The development of a live modified vaccine in 1985, following an outbreak in Kentucky Thoroughbreds, has been a critical step in controlling the spread of EVA. The AQHA offers a valuable service by keeping vaccination records, which breeding farms can access to verify a horse's vaccination status.
The AQHA has taken an active role in helping to manage the threat of EVA by offering to maintain vaccination records for horse owners. This complimentary service ensures that breeders can easily confirm the vaccination status of horses, promoting a more secure breeding environment.
For those with concerns or questions about EVA vaccination, the AQHA serves as a resource for information and guidance. It is crucial for horse owners to stay informed and take preventive measures to protect their animals from this potentially devastating disease.
For more detailed information on EVA and its management, horse owners are encouraged to contact the AQHA or consult with their veterinarians. It is through informed action and responsible breeding practices that the equine industry can combat the spread of Equine Viral Arteritis.
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