Synthetic astaxanthin is not only expensive, but also has significant difference with natural astaxanthin in structure, function, application and security. In structure, because ends’ hydroxyl polarimetry, astaxanthin has 3 heterogeneous structure states of 3S-3 'S, 3R-3' S and 3R-3'R.
Artificial synthesis astaxanthin are the mixture of three kinds of structural astaxanthin with very little antioxidant activity. It is distinct with salmon astaxanthin. Yeast source astaxanthin is 100% 3R-3‘R with partly antioxidant activity. Both sources of astaxanthin are mainly used in the coloring of the non-food animals and supplies. Algae source astaxanthin is 100% L-structure with the strongest biological activity. After years’ research, astaxanthin is used as a human health food, high-end cosmetics and pharmaceutical medicines.
In physiological functions, stability and oxidation activity of synthetic astaxanthin than the natural shrimp astaxanthin low. Astaxanthin molecule at both ends of the hydroxyl (-OH) can be esterified down caused the stability of natural astaxanthin esterification form more than 90%, it is more stable, the astaxanthin exists in the free state, the Stabilization is not the same, astaxanthin must be embedded in order to stabilize. Astaxanthin is about 1/4 of the L-structure and it’s only about 1/4 of natural antioxidant activity.
In the application of the effect of artificial astaxanthin bio-absorption effect than natural astaxanthin poor feeding lower concentrations, the artificial astaxanthin concentration in rainbow trout blood was significantly lower than that of natural astaxanthin and can not be converted in the body natural configuration, its coloring ability and biological potency are lower than the same concentration of natural astaxanthin.
In biosafety, use of chemical means of astaxanthin when the inevitable introduction of impurities in chemical substances, such as the synthesis of non-natural byproduct glutathione, will reduce its bioavailability security. Therefore, can not be used in the human market. Only the approval of the trans astaxanthin used in industrial production. So far, the scarcity of companies by chemical synthesis to the synthesis of astaxanthin, astaxanthin content of 5% to 10%. Produced by fermentation of shrimp education content is low, the chemical synthesis of astaxanthin has a competitive advantage.
What worthy of discussion is the culture and expression of microbial extracted from test astaxanthin. In the extracting process, there may have residues, concentration of pollutants. Due to the wide range of chemicals and experimental cost factors, it is impossible to have requirements on chemical test items in the standards and laws and regulations. For the substances such as biotin and astaxanthin extracted from the cultured microorganisms, whether there are residual microbial composition (especially macromolecules, such as bacterial proteins, toxins) or processing organic derivatives, the medium composition or residual solvent, are food safety issues to be considered. Therefore, for testing security of food (including the new resources food, health food, food containers, etc.), in addition to the physical and chemical safety indicators, the integrity of toxicological safety testing also needs consideration.
Source:http://www.cosprm.com
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