Ask any doctor- your GP or your ENT specialist- and they'll tell you that upper respiratory tract infections (URI) are the most frequently encountered illness in their practice. Two of these, the common cold and sinusitis, are misunderstood and mistreated. These infections may not be fatal but complications can set in and require hospitalization.
Ask any doctor- your GP or your ENT specialist- and they'll tell you that upper respiratory tract infections (URI) are the most frequently encountered illness in their practice. Two of these, the common cold and sinusitis, are misunderstood and mistreated. These infections may not be fatal but complications can set in and require hospitalization.
The upper respiratory tract comprises the nose, sinuses, nasal cavity, mouth, throat, larynx, and bronchi. These cavities and structures have mucus membranes and contribute to producing mucus. The mucus produced serves as a filter to inhaled air, removing harmful particles like smoke, carried away by cilia present in the respiratory tract.
In cases of infection, there's often inflammation of these upper respiratory tract functions. These infections can be named according to the area that is infected. Examples are Sinusitis( inflammation of the sinuses), Laryngitis(Inflammation of the larynx), and so on. This article will teach you more about this infection and its cure.
Facts about upper respiratory tract infections
How upper respiratory infection occurs
These infections are caused by pathogens such as viruses or bacteria. These pathogens enter the body system by invading the host's mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract. Usually, the hairs in the nose, mucus, and the cilia present in the mucous membranes help trap them to be killed when they enter the stomach. The immune system also helps to engulf invading microorganisms.
However, these pathogens adopt different mechanisms to evade the immune system. They may change their outer structure to avoid being recognizable. Some produce harmful chemicals to cause impairment of the immune system, and some adhere very strongly to the mucus membranes to prevent destruction.
Risk factors for upper respiratory tract infections
Some common factors may predispose a person to upper respiratory tract infections. These include
When to seek medical attention.
Many people who treat their symptoms at home tend to find relief and get better. However, it is advisable to seek medical attention if
Treatment of upper respiratory tract infections
These include
In conclusion, these infections are mostly treatable at home, but you may need to go for a medical check-up or physical examination tests if the symptoms become overwhelming. Be sure to curtail the spread of these infections by taking the preventive methods stated in this article.
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