In the realm of fitness, the debate between traditional strength training and modern "functional" exercise continues to stir controversy. A recent article by a proponent of functional/core exercise attempts to redefine the essence of effective training by drawing parallels between the biological processes of amoebas and human cellular activities. This comparison is used to advocate for functional training as a vital component for survival, suggesting that deviation from this form of exercise could lead to disease. However, this claim lacks scientific backing and oversimplifies the complex nature of human physiology and exercise needs.
The article in question opens with a bold assertion linking movement, survival, and optimal organism functioning. The author extends this idea to suggest that functional exercise is synonymous with survival, a claim that historically and scientifically, remains unverified. While it's true that regular physical activity is crucial for health, the assertion that specific types of exercise can directly influence survival by mimicking ancient survival activities is a stretch. For instance, the comparison of modern exercise to historical hunting practices lacks contextual relevance in today's society.
The critique extends to the modern exercise methodologies, particularly bodybuilding, which the author claims adhere too strictly to Newtonian mechanics, focusing on isolated muscle groups rather than the body as a whole. This perspective fails to acknowledge that many bodybuilding exercises do, in fact, require significant coordination and contribute to overall body functionality. For example, compound movements like squats and deadlifts are staples in bodybuilding and are renowned for engaging multiple muscle groups, enhancing coordination, and improving muscular endurance.
The article also criticizes the exercise machine industry for promoting isolation exercises that supposedly do not support functional fitness. However, this ignores the benefits that these machines offer, especially in terms of safety, targeted muscle training, and accessibility for beginners or those rehabilitating from injuries. Research indicates that both free weights and machines can increase muscle hypertrophy and strength, which are fundamental for functional capacity, particularly as we age (Schoenfeld, BJ et al., 2016).
The author argues that isolation exercises contribute to a higher incidence of injury and are inherently non-functional. Yet, this claim is unsupported by evidence. In contrast, isolation exercises can be crucial for addressing muscle imbalances and rehabilitating injuries, thereby enhancing overall body function. Moreover, the condemnation of isolation exercises overlooks their role in strengthening weak links within the muscular chain, thereby supporting the system as a whole.
Functional training, according to the author, must mimic everyday activities or sports-specific movements. However, this definition is limiting and overlooks the broader benefits of exercise that enhance general physical preparedness, strength, and health. Not every exercise needs to mimic a real-life activity to be considered functional. For instance, improving muscle strength through traditional resistance training can significantly enhance one's ability to perform daily tasks more efficiently and without injury.
The article concludes by promoting a narrow view of functional exercise that purportedly supports life and vitality. However, this perspective is restrictive and dismisses the vast benefits of various exercise forms. A truly functional exercise program should be inclusive, considering individual goals, needs, and capacities, and should integrate various training modalities to promote overall health and fitness.
In summary, while the promotion of functional exercise is well-intentioned, it is crucial to approach fitness with a balanced perspective that recognizes the value of all exercise forms. Misrepresenting science to favor one form over another does a disservice to the diverse needs of the population seeking health through fitness.
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