Comprehensive Guide to Cat Breeds and Shorthair Cats

The Domestication and Evolution of Cats

Cats, small felid mammals, have been companions to humans for thousands of years. The term "cat" typically refers to domestic or house cats, but it can also encompass the larger members of the feline family, such as tigers, lions, and jaguars. Domestic cats are descendants of wild species like Felis silvestris, the African and European wildcat. Over time, domestic cats have been recognized as a distinct species, Felis catus.

Despite domestication, many physical and behavioral traits of domestic cats remain similar to their wild ancestors. The domestication of cats is believed to have first occurred in Egypt around 4000 BC. Ancient Egyptians kept cats to protect their grain stores from rodents and revered them as avatars of the goddess Bast. Killing a cat was punishable by death, and cats were often mummified after death, similar to humans.

By 500 BC, the Greeks began to domesticate cats, spreading the practice globally. Today, cat domestication is widespread, with European colonists having played a significant role in its proliferation.

Varieties of Domesticated Cats

Domesticated cats come in a plethora of breeds, each with its own unique features and history. However, due to frequent interbreeding, especially in colonized regions, many cats are simply categorized as members of the domestic shorthair or domestic longhair varieties, based on their fur length.

Distinctive coat patterns and colors mark different types of cats. Tortoiseshell (UK) or Calico (USA) cats display a mix of colors, while bicolor cats have significant white patches. Tabby cats are recognized by their striped fur. Male and female domestic cats are often referred to as tomcats and queens, respectively, while a young domestic cat is called a kitten. Pedigreed, purebred, or show cats have officially registered lineages, and breeders compete to produce the most exemplary specimens.

Interestingly, less than 1% of all domestic cats are purebred. The vast majority, 99%, are of mixed ancestry, commonly referred to as moggies, domestic shorthairs, or domestic longhairs.

Common Domesticated Cats: Shorthairs and Longhairs

Domestic shorthaired (DSH) and domestic longhaired (DLH) cats are the two primary categories of domesticated cats. DSH cats are not associated with a specific breed or pedigree but are cherished for their diverse coat colors and patterns. DLH cats have medium to long fur and often exhibit standard colors like tortie, tabby, or bicolor. These cats make excellent family pets, particularly for those willing to provide the extra grooming their coats require.

When choosing a domestic cat, research is key to finding the right match for your needs and lifestyle.

Interesting Statistics and Facts

• According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, cats are the second most popular pet in the United States, with 25.4% of households owning a cat.
• The International Cat Association recognizes 71 different cat breeds.
• A study published in the journal Science reported that cats were likely domesticated in the Near East around 7500 BC, much earlier than previously thought.

When considering a feline addition to your family, it's essential to understand the responsibilities and joys that come with each breed. Whether you're drawn to the playful and affectionate nature of a shorthair or the regal and calm demeanor of a longhair, there's a cat breed that's perfect for you.