Navigating Chemical Hazards in the Workplace

Mar 20
03:50

2024

mark hohman

mark hohman

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Ensuring the safety of workers who handle chemicals is a critical concern in various industries. With approximately 32 million workers in the United States potentially exposed to chemical hazards and an estimated 650,000 chemical products in circulation, plus hundreds more introduced each year, the risk of illness and injury is significant. Chemical exposure can lead to severe health issues, including organ damage, sterility, cancer, and even acute physical injuries such as burns and rashes. To mitigate these risks, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS), which aims to inform employers and employees about chemical hazards and the necessary protective measures.

The Importance of OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard

OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is designed to ensure that the dangers associated with chemical products are clearly communicated to both employers and employees. The HCS mandates that all chemical hazards in the workplace are evaluated and that this information is effectively transmitted to those at risk. Employers operating under OSHA-approved state safety and health plans should consult their state agency for potentially differing standards and procedures.

The Process of Hazard Communication

The system of hazard communication involves several key players:

Chemical Manufacturers,Navigating Chemical Hazards in the Workplace Articles Importers, and Distributors

  • Assess the hazards of each chemical product.
  • Transmit hazard information and protective measures to customers via labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs).

Employers

  • Catalog hazardous chemicals present in their workplaces.
  • Acquire MSDSs and labels for each hazardous chemical, if not already provided.
  • Develop and implement a written hazard communication program, including labels, MSDSs, and employee training.
  • Disseminate hazard information to employees through labels, MSDSs, and formal training programs.

Strategies for Minimizing Workplace Hazards

Chemical manufacturers and importers must review scientific evidence regarding the hazards of the chemicals they handle and communicate their findings to employees and employers who distribute or use their products. Employers can rely on these evaluations to understand the hazards of the chemicals they utilize.

Chemicals listed in OSHA's 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z, or the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists' Threshold Limit Values are considered hazardous. Additionally, chemicals identified as carcinogens by the National Toxicology Program, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or regulated by OSHA must be reported as such.

The Role of a Written Hazard Communication Program

A comprehensive written hazard communication program is essential for conveying necessary hazard information to employees and for implementing employee protection programs. This program should include container labeling, MSDS management, and an employee training program. It must be accessible to employees, their representatives, and relevant government officials.

Labeling Requirements for Chemicals

Chemical manufacturers, importers, and distributors are responsible for ensuring that containers of hazardous chemicals are appropriately labeled with the chemical's identity, hazard warnings, and the responsible party's contact information. Labels must be clear, in English (and other languages if needed), and prominently displayed.

Understanding Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

MSDSs are comprehensive documents prepared by chemical manufacturers or importers that detail the properties, hazards, safe handling, and emergency procedures related to a chemical. They must be provided at the initial shipment of a hazardous chemical and be readily accessible to employees. MSDSs must include specific chemical identities, health effects, exposure limits, carcinogenicity, precautionary measures, and the preparer's contact information.

Training Requirements for Worker Protection

Employers must train employees exposed to hazardous chemicals at the start of their job and whenever new hazards are introduced. Training should cover the HCS, the workplace's hazard communication program, and the presence of hazardous chemicals in work areas. Employees must learn how to interpret labels and MSDSs, understand the hazards of chemicals, and know the protective measures and procedures in place.

Key Statistics and Facts

  • OSHA estimates that the implementation of the HCS prevents over 500 workplace injuries and illnesses and 43 deaths annually OSHA.
  • According to the American Chemistry Council, the business of American chemistry is a $553 billion enterprise and a key element of the nation's economy American Chemistry Council.
  • A study by the Environmental Working Group found that cleaning product manufacturers use more than 3,000 ingredients in various combinations, many of which may pose health risks but are not required to be listed on labels Environmental Working Group.

The HCS is a vital framework for ensuring that the millions of workers who handle chemicals are aware of the risks and equipped with the knowledge to protect themselves and their colleagues. As the chemical industry continues to grow and evolve, staying informed and compliant with these regulations is more important than ever.