Spinosad, also known as thorn sugar streptozotocin, is a broad spectrum insecticide, belonging to microbial pesticides.
Spinosad is a secondary metabolite obtained by thorn Saccharopolyspora aerobic fermentation in culture medium, a macrolide, the molecule contains a quad-core ring and connect two different six yuan sugar, mainly there are eight kinds of analogues, collectively known Spinosyn. Commercial products are used A, D as the main active ingredients.
Spinosad has very low toxicity to mammals and birds, has slightly toxic to aquatic animals, female rats acute oral lethal dose > 5000mg/kg. Small mice acute oral median lethal dose > 5000mg/kg (compare the acute oral toxicity of table salt, median lethal dose in rats was 3000mg/kg; the median lethal dose in mice was 4000mg/kg); percutaneous lethal dose > 2000mg / L, rabbit acute percutaneous lethal dose > 5000mg/kg, acute inhalation median lethal dose in rats > 5mg/kg; low toxicity on birds: acute oral lethal dose in ducks > 2000mg/kg, Quail acute oral lethal dose > 2000mg/kg; low toxicity to fish: 96 hours acute oral median lethal dose, lashing fish was 30mg/L, bluegill fish was 5.9mg/L, carp was 5mg/L. Chronic toxicity to mammals tests showed that spinosad no teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects.
Spinosad for storage grain pests such as moth, flour beetle, lesser grain borer, rice weevil and books stored pest (insect addicted book lice, colorless book lice, etc.) and tobacco store pests such as tobacco pink borer were have a good control effect, and the effect lasting for a long time. Spinosad used in the above areas, not only well-preserved the application objects, but also solve the problems of high poisons to environment and the application object, ensure the health of the exposed population.
Because of spinosad’s unique mechanism of action, combined with it is uneasy to produce cross resistance with other agents, etc., make it receiving much attention on health pest control. Tests show that spinosad has very high control activity on lepidopteran pests (cabbage worm, diamondback moth, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera exigua, beet armyworm, tobacco budworm, codling moth, peach armyworm, cabbage webworm, armyworms, etc.), also show a certain toxicity to coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Dermaptera, Orthoptera, certain specific types of Siphonaptera and psocids pests, for devouring leaves Orthoptera insects also have activity. Which is particularly effective to lepidopterous pests, its insecticidal activity is equivalent to cypermethrin, but its toxic to predators is about 1,000 times smaller than cypermethrin. It has been registered in more than 60 countries for controlling a variety of pests, in the United States, spinosad products used in 180 kinds of crops including vegetables, cash crops, various fruits and some small crops.
Spinosad with the features of low toxicity, readily biodegradable and completely, while effective controlling pest is uneasy to cause harm to livestock, etc., caused attention by veterinary industry, application tests proved that it can not only kill internal and external animals parasites such as worms and flies, etc., but also with low body residues.
Source:http://www.cospcn.com
The application of tungsten in various industries
Steel Industry Most of tungsten applied in the production of special steels. The widely used high-speed steel was containing 9-24% of tungsten, 3.8-4.6% of chromium, 1-5% of vanadium, 4-7% of cobalt, 0.7-1.5% of carbon.
Magic effects of coconut oil
According to records, coconut oil can be regarded as the nobility of skin care plant extracts. It was rich in exotic tension of tropical plants, which can enhance the contractile force of the pores, perfectly beautify and nourish the skin.
The development trends of aloe vera extract in the international market
Aloe is a kind of perennial Liliaceae succulent herbaceous plant, originated inAfrica, belonging to tropical plant. The cultivation of aloe can be both in the open field and greenhouse.
